Certified Emergency Nurse (CEN) Practice Test

Question: 1 / 400

What is the most critical electrolyte disturbance in Addison's disease?

Increased calcium

Decreased sodium

In Addison's disease, the adrenal glands do not produce sufficient amounts of cortisol and often aldosterone, leading to a range of electrolyte imbalances. Among these, decreased sodium levels, also known as hyponatremia, are particularly critical. The adrenal insufficiency directly affects aldosterone secretion, which is responsible for sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in the kidneys. When aldosterone levels are insufficient, the body retains potassium while losing sodium, leading to the characteristic electrolyte disturbances associated with Addison's disease.

The significance of decreased sodium lies in its potential to lead to serious clinical ramifications such as hypotension, syncope, and even shock if not appropriately managed. Therefore, recognizing and addressing the low sodium levels in patients with Addison's disease is paramount in emergency care to prevent further complications.

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Increased potassium

Decreased chloride

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